Pilgrimage

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Pilgrimage



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Who must perform pilgrimage? Performing Hajj once in a lifetime is obligatory upon the Muslim who is free, accountable, and can afford to reach Makkah and return to his home-place

This includes that one has in excess of one’s debts, appropriate lodging and clothing, and what one is obligated to spend on those whom one must support from the time of one’s departure until one’s return
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Integrals of Pilgrimage
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The integrals (arkan) of Hajj are

A. To have the intention to be in the state of pilgrimage (ihram), i.e., to say in one’s heart: I now enter into the actions of Hajj
B. To be at Arafah sometime between the start of Dhuhr on the 9th of Dhul-Hijjah and the dawn (fajr) of the following eid day
C. To circumambulate the Kaabah: tawaf
D. To walk between the mounts of as-Safa and al-Marwah, seven times from one border line to the other
E. Cutting the hair by shaving or trimming: halq or taqsir
F. Observing the order in most integrals

These integrals have requisites (fard) and conditions (shart) that must be observed

Among the conditions of tawaf is to circumambulate the Kaabah seven times starting at the Black Stone and back to it, while keeping one’s left shoulder towards the Kaabah without facing or turning one’s back to it; to cover the unlawful nakedness (awrah) and to be pure

What is Unlawful During Pilgrimage? It is unlawful for the one who has intended to enter into the actions of pilgrimage -Hajj

A. To wear perfumes
B. To anoint the head or beard with oil, melted grease, or melted honey wax
C. To remove or cut fingernails, toenails, and hair
D. To perform sexual intercourse or its inviting actions
E. To conduct marriage
F. To hunt any Islamically edible, wild animal
G. In the case of a man: to cover the head or wear clothes that are sewn, felted, or the like, to surround the body
H. In the case of a woman: to cover the face and to wear gloves

The one who does any of these unlawful matters has sinned. An expiation (fidyah) is obligatory for committing these matters [with the exception of conducting marriage and looking lustfully]. Moreover, in the case of sexual-intercourse, one’s Hajj is invalidated, but one is obliged to complete this invalidated Hajj and re-perform it immediately, i.e., the one who invalidated one’s Hajj by performing sexual intercourse continues with Hajj, does not interrupt it, then makes it up in the coming year: if one is able
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Requisites of Pilgrimage
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It is a requisite (wajib) for the one who has intended to enter into the actions of pilgrimage- Hajj

A. To have the intention of ihram before crossing the site prescribed for it (miqat). The Miqat is the place which the Messenger of Allah specified as the starting site of the intention of ihram, such as the land called Dhul-Hulayfah, for the people of al-Madinah and those who take the same route to Makkah
B. To stay at night in Muzdalifah and Mina during Hajj
C. To throw pebbles at the station of Jamrat-ul-^Aqabah on the day of the Feast of Adha -Eid el Adha
D. To throw pebbles at the three stations of jamrahs during the days of Tashriq
E. To perform the farewell circumambulation before leaving Makkah: tawaf al-wada

The one who does not fulfill these five (5) matters does not invalidate one’s Hajj, although one is sinful and must fulfill expiation (fidyah). This is different from the one who does not perform an integral. If one leaves out an integral of Hajj, then one’s Hajj is not valid. Slaughtering an animal will not compensate for it

It is unlawful for one, whether or not one is in a state of ihram, to hunt the animals of Makkah and al-Madinah, or to cut or pick their plants. If this was done in Makkah, then the obligation of fulfilling the expiation (fidyah) is added. There is no expiation (fidyah) due for hunting the animals or cutting the plants in al-Madinah, i.e., the area between Mount ^Ayr and Mount Thawr
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hedaya
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